The Oxygen-Ozone Adjunct Medical Treatment According to the Protocols from the Italian Scientific Society of Oxygen-Ozone Therapy: How Ozone Applications in the Blood Can Influence Clinical Therapy Success via the Modulation of Cell Biology and Immunity.

BACKGROUND: Ozone is an allotrope of oxygen whose use in medicine has rapidly grown in recent years. Ozonated blood allows for the use of ozone in a safe modality, as plasma and blood cells are endowed with an antioxidant system able to quench ozone's pro-oxidant property and to elicit the Nrf2/Kwap1/ARE pathway. METHODS: We present two clinical studies, a case-series (six patients) observational study adopting ozone as a major autohemotherapy and topical ozone to address infected post-surgical wounds with multi-drug resistant bacteria and an observational study (250 patients) using ozonated blood for treating knee osteoarthritis. RESULTS: Ozonated blood via major autohemotherapy reduced the extent of infections in wounds, reduced the inflammatory biomarkers by more than 75% and improved patients' QoL, whereas ozonated blood via minor autohemotherapy improved significantly (p < 0.001) WOMAC and Lequesne's parameters in knee osteoarthritis. CONCLUSIONS: The models described, i.e., ozone autohemotherapy in wound antimicrobial treatment and ozonated blood in knee osteoarthrosis, following our protocols, share the outstanding ability of ozone to modulate the innate immune response and address bacterial clearance as well as inflammation and pain.

Cytokine profile and antioxidants status in the moderate and severe COVID-19 patients: a trial of ozone therapy impact as a medicinal supplement.

BACKGROUND: Complementary ozone therapy has been identified as a revolutionary medical technique for a number of goals and ailments. At the present, it has been shown that ozone has medicinal qualities, such as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic properties. Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is quickly spread over the globe. Cytokine storms and oxidative stress seem to play a substantial role in the most of acute attacks of the disease. The aim of this research was to assess the therapeutic advantages of complementary ozone therapy on the cytokine profile and antioxidant status in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: The statistical sample of this study included two hundred patients with COVID-19. One hundred COVID-19 patients (treatment group) received 240 ml of the patient's blood and an equal volume of O2/O3 gas at a concentration of 35-50 µg/ml daily, which gradually increased in concentration, and were kept for 5-10 days and one hundred patients (control group) received standard treatment. The secretion levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-10 cytokines, SOD, CAT and GPx were compared between control patients (standard treatment) and standard treatment plus intervention (ozone) before and after treatment. RESULTS: The findings indicated a significant decrease in the level of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1ß in group receiving complementary ozone therapy in compared with control group. Furthermore, a significant increase was found in the level of IL-10 cytokine. Moreover, SOD, CAT and GPx levels revealed a significant increase in complementary ozone therapy group compared to control group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed that complementary ozone therapy can be used as a medicinal complementary therapy to reduce and control inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress status in patients with COVID-19 as revealed its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

Insights on the mechanisms of action of ozone in the medical therapy against COVID-19.

An increasing amount of reports in the literature is showing that medical ozone (O3) is used, with encouraging results, in treating COVID-19 patients, optimizing pain and symptoms relief, respiratory parameters, inflammatory and coagulation markers and the overall health status, so reducing significantly how much time patients underwent hospitalization and intensive care. To date, aside from mechanisms taking into account the ability of O3 to activate a rapid oxidative stress response, by up-regulating antioxidant and scavenging enzymes, no sound hypothesis was addressed to attempt a synopsis of how O3 should act on COVID-19. The knowledge on how O3 works on inflammation and thrombosis mechanisms is of the utmost importance to make physicians endowed with new guns against SARS-CoV2 pandemic. This review tries to address this issue, so to expand the debate in the scientific community.

Mechanisms of pathophysiology of blood vessels in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with ozone therapy: a systematic review.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) defines as an intricate disease with numerous pathophysiological processes, including: inflammation, demyelination, oxidative stress, axonal damage, and repair mechanisms that interfere in this disease and highly related to the pathogenesis of MS. In parallel, recent studies have shown that the ozone administration could be very useful in treating neurological disorders and inflammatory and degenerative neurological diseases. In this review, we examine the recent literature on the pathophysiology of blood vessels in patients with multiple sclerosis treated with ozone therapy.

Corrigendum to "Association of Ozone with 5-Fluorouracil and Cisplatin in Regulation of Human Colon Cancer Cell Viability: In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Ozone in Colon Cancer Cells Exposed to Lipopolysaccharides".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2017/7414083.].

Cerebrovascular pattern improved by ozone autohemotherapy: an entropy-based study on multiple sclerosis patients.

Ozone major autohemotherapy is effective in reducing the symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, but its effects on brain are still not clear. In this work, we have monitored the changes in the cerebrovascular pattern of MS patients and normal subjects during major ozone autohemotherapy by using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) as functional and vascular technique. NIRS signals are analyzed using a combination of time, time-frequency analysis and nonlinear analysis of intrinsic mode function signals obtained from empirical mode decomposition technique. Our results show that there is an improvement in the cerebrovascular pattern of all subjects indicated by increasing the entropy of the NIRS signals. Hence, we can conclude that the ozone therapy increases the brain metabolism and helps to recover from the lower activity levels which is predominant in MS patients.

Association of Ozone with 5-Fluorouracil and Cisplatin in Regulation of Human Colon Cancer Cell Viability: In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Ozone in Colon Cancer Cells Exposed to Lipopolysaccharides.

INTRODUCTION: Ozone therapy is an effective medical treatment for different diseases like mucositis, psoriasis, acute pain, neurovascular diseases, and cancer. The aim of this study is based on the association of different ozone concentration with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin in human colon cancer cell (HT29 cell line) in order to investigate possible anticancer synergistic effects. METHODS: HT29 cells were incubated with ozone at different concentration ranging from 10 up to 50 µg/ml at different incubation time alone or in combination with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. Cell viability was performed by using a modified MTT method. Anti-inflammatory studies were conducted incubating HT29 with or without 20, 30, or 50 µg/ml of ozone before exposure to lipopolysaccharides. RESULTS: Ozone alone has a time and concentration dependent cytotoxicity against HT29 cells (IC50 at 24 h: 30 µg/ml). Association of ozone with drugs increases cytotoxicity by 15-20%. Preincubation of ozone at 50 µg/ml decreases IL-8, IL-6, and IL-1ß production by 50, 56, and 70%, respectively, compared to untreated cells. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that ozone could be useful in colon cancer management in combination with 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin with significant inhibition of cytokines having a central role in colon cancer cell survival and chemoresistance.